Influencia del estrés laboral en el desempeño docente por competencias en docentes universitarios
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El presente estudio tiene como objetivo investigar cómo el estrés laboral influye en el desempeño docente en universidades ecuatorianas, enfocándose en cuatro competencias clave: pedagógicas, investigación, gestión académica y vinculación. A pesar de la abundante literatura sobre el estrés laboral, existe una carencia de estudios que aborden cómo el estrés influye en estas competencias específicas. Utilizando un enfoque cuantitativo y un diseño no experimental transversal, se recolectaron datos de 198 profesores universitarios a tiempo completo mediante encuestas y se analizaron con modelos de ecuaciones estructurales. Los resultados indican que el estrés laboral tiene un impacto negativo y significativo en las competencias pedagógicas (p-valor < 0.05), mientras que no se encontró una relación significativa con las competencias de investigación, de gestión académica y de vinculación. Este resultado sugiere que, aunque el estrés laboral perjudica el desempeño pedagógico, no influye de manera uniforme en las otras áreas de competencia docente. Las conclusiones destacan la necesidad de desarrollar estrategias de intervención específicas para mitigar el estrés laboral en el ámbito educativo y se recomienda la realización de estudios longitudinales y la inclusión de contextos de educación superior del sector privado para una comprensión más integral de esta problemática.
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