Análisis bibliométrico de la investigación académica sobre e-waste (2004-2024)
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Reciclar la basura electrónica es emergente. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la investigación académica respecto al reciclaje de la e-waste en el periodo 2004-2024. Es desde el punto de vista metodológico un estudio bibliométrico de productividad; se siguieron los principios del método PRISMA. Se empleó la base SCOPUS, la selección de documentos privilegió los de acceso libre, para la verificación integral del contenido, el período de tiempo escogido se debe a la expansión de la tecnología y la digitalización. La ecuación de búsqueda comprendió los términos “e-waste AND recycling”. Luego del filtro se detectó 577 documentos. Los resultados evidencian un crecimiento en las publicaciones a partir del 2019. Los países más productivos son China y Estados Unidos, seguidos de otros industrializados; mientras tanto regiones como América Latina están al margen de esa reflexión. Respecto a los hallazgos, los documentos resaltan los efectos nocivos de la e-waste sobre el ambiente y la salud, algunos puntualizan las consecuencias en la generación de cáncer y enfermedades catastróficas. Pero también señalan beneficios de su reciclaje como la recuperación de metales preciosos, el tratamiento adecuado de plásticos y acciones que detienen la contaminación de los entornos. La institución que más apoya la publicación de estudios con acceso abierto es National Natural Science Foundation of China y el Ministerio de Ciencias de ese mismo país. La principal recomendación se concentra en fortalecer y expandir los sistemas de reciclaje a todo el mundo.
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